I noticed that all of the default applications (Finder, Preview, etc.) each appear in /Applications, but also again in /System/Applications. Given that these applications are combined just under one GB, duplicating them all seems a massive waste of space. Neither version has an alias symbol indicating a symbolic link, but in each version (the /Applications and /System/Applications) have Last Opened dates in sync. Are the applications really duplicated in memory, or are they somehow referencing the same locations on disk from different filenames without any evidence of a symbolic link? I have heard that directories (which the applications themselves are) cannot be hardlinked so what could be going on here?